By: Haajar Abu Ismail
With living during a global pandemic, as I’m sure we’re all aware, there arose unfamiliar and unsettling changes that separated us from one another both physically and socially. But for a country in seemingly perpetual lockdown, how did North Korea experience COVID-19? Domestic life has been increasingly difficult, with high food shortages due to lacking trade and the ban of domestic travel. In relation to international workers and diplomats, “prohibited travel outside of Pyongyang and the receipt of diplomatic pouches. It has also put in effect quarantines of over a month for re-entry into the country. These measures have led all but three foreign aid workers to leave the country” (Yoon, Human Rights Watch (HRW.org)). Another article published in December 2020 by Stephen Silver on The National Interest conveys that the state has enforced social distancing rules in the workplace, as well as banned workers from operating in groups. Also, schools were later reported to not open that fall. With relatively closed borders and many barriers to entry, North Korea did have a pre-existing tourism ‘option,’ despite common perception. However, the state was notably among the first to respond to the pandemic, as they immediately shut their borders on January 22 2020, when COVID-19 had only 9 fatalities, and 400 infections (Wired.co.uk). "In its attempts to control Covid-19, North Korea has taken a similar, though more extreme, approach to other nations. It has restricted people’s movement and travel, gatherings of people are limited, masks are mandatory and state media has been blanketed with public health information. Such measures are coupled with existing limits on freedoms, human rights abuses, economic failure and food shortages. The country is also subject to wide-ranging international sanctions linked to its development of nuclear weapons.” Matt Burgess, WIRED While North Korea’s measures haven been strict, it would be reasonable to assume that such would be effective in hampering the virus’s progress in the state. In an article published September 1st, 2021, North Korea had yet to declare a single outbreak of COVID-19 (BBC). The source also cites the state has rejected nearly 3 million doses of the COVID-19 Vaccines, and that it has expressed doubt over the efficacy of these vaccines on multiple occasions, specifically concerning the side effects. It’s unclear how dire or in control the situation in the North is due to the lack of publicity on the matter, but this rejection would suggest that as of now, the state does not need them. What is certain, at least, is that the economy has suffered from the border closure. According to Justin Hastings, Professor at the Department of Government and International Relations at the University of Sydney, “there have been multiple signs of economic hardship, at least in parts of the economy that rely on imports and exports. China’s reported trade with North Korea was down 80 per cent in 2020 from the previous year, although the first half of 2021 was a little better, potentially due to greater needs for fertilizer. In 2020, North Korean fishing fleets essentially disappeared, possibly due to concerns that movement would bring in COVID-19.” Until reopening, essentially, North Korea’s economy will continue to suffer due to lacking trade and continuous stringent campaigns. When and if this happens, they may find themselves falling behind an increasingly vaccinated world populace. Most states are currently facing the question of whether to open their borders or continue closing them, and while North Korea belongs to the former for now, their future decision is yet to be seen. Source 1 Source 2 Source 3 Source 4
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